4. Ntchito zazikulu za pulogalamu ya BMS
l Ntchito yoyezera
(1) Kuyeza mfundo zoyambira: kuyang'anira mphamvu ya batri, chizindikiro cha mphamvu, ndi kutentha kwa paketi ya batri. Ntchito yofunikira kwambiri ya dongosolo loyendetsera batri ndikuyesa mphamvu ya batri, mphamvu ya batri, ndi kutentha kwa maselo a batri, zomwe ndi maziko a mawerengedwe onse apamwamba ndi malingaliro owongolera a dongosolo loyendetsera batri.
(2) Kuzindikira kukana kwa kutentha: Dongosolo lonse la batri ndi makina amphamvu kwambiri ayenera kuyesedwa kuti awone ngati ali ndi kutentha koyenera ndi makina oyang'anira batri.
(3) Kuzindikira kutsekeka kwa magetsi amphamvu kwambiri (HVIL): kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira kukhulupirika kwa dongosolo lonse la magetsi amphamvu kwambiri. Pamene kukhulupirika kwa dera la magetsi amphamvu kwambiri kwawonongeka, njira zotetezera zimayatsidwa.
lNtchito yowerengera
(1) Kuyerekeza kwa SOC ndi SOH: gawo lofunika kwambiri komanso lovuta kwambiri
(2) Kulinganiza: sinthani kusalingana kwa mphamvu ya SOC x pakati pa ma monomers kudzera mu circuit yolinganiza.
(3) Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya batri: mphamvu yolowera ndi yotulutsa ya batri imakhala yochepa pa kutentha kosiyanasiyana kwa SOC.
lNtchito zina
(1) Kuwongolera ma relay: kuphatikiza main +, main-, charging relay +, charging relay -, pre-charging relay
(2) Kulamulira kutentha
(3) Ntchito yolumikizirana
(4) Kuzindikira vuto ndi alamu
(5) Ntchito yopirira zolakwika
5.Ntchito zazikulu za pulogalamu ya BMS
lNtchito yoyezera
(1) Kuyeza mfundo zoyambira: kuyang'anira mphamvu ya batri, chizindikiro cha mphamvu, ndi kutentha kwa paketi ya batri. Ntchito yofunikira kwambiri ya dongosolo loyendetsera batri ndikuyesa mphamvu ya batri, mphamvu ya batri, ndi kutentha kwa maselo a batri, zomwe ndi maziko a mawerengedwe onse apamwamba ndi malingaliro owongolera a dongosolo loyendetsera batri.
(2) Kuzindikira kukana kwa kutentha: Dongosolo lonse la batri ndi makina amphamvu kwambiri ayenera kuyesedwa kuti awone ngati ali ndi kutentha koyenera ndi makina oyang'anira batri.
(3) Kuzindikira kutsekeka kwa magetsi amphamvu kwambiri (HVIL): kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira kukhulupirika kwa dongosolo lonse la magetsi amphamvu kwambiri. Pamene kukhulupirika kwa dera la magetsi amphamvu kwambiri kwawonongeka, njira zotetezera zimayatsidwa.
lNtchito yowerengera
(1) Kuyerekeza kwa SOC ndi SOH: gawo lofunika kwambiri komanso lovuta kwambiri
(2) Kulinganiza: sinthani kusalingana kwa mphamvu ya SOC x pakati pa ma monomers kudzera mu circuit yolinganiza.
(3) Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya batri: mphamvu yolowera ndi yotulutsa ya batri imakhala yochepa pa kutentha kosiyanasiyana kwa SOC.
lNtchito zina
(1) Kuwongolera ma relay: kuphatikiza main +, main-, charging relay +, charging relay -, pre-charging relay
(2) Kulamulira kutentha
(3) Ntchito yolumikizirana
(4) Kuzindikira vuto ndi alamu
(5) Ntchito yopirira zolakwika
6.Kapangidwe ka mapulogalamu a BMS
lKuyang'anira magetsi okwera komanso otsika
Nthawi zambiri ikayatsidwa, BMS imadzutsidwa ndi VCU kudzera pa mzere wolimba kapena chizindikiro cha CAN cha 12V. BMS ikamaliza kudzifufuza yokha ndikulowa mu standby, VCU imatumiza lamulo lamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo BMS imalamulira kutseka kwa relay kuti amalize kulumikizana kwamphamvu kwambiri. Ikazima, VCU imatumiza lamulo lamphamvu kwambiri kenako imachotsa kudzuka kwa 12V. Mfuti ikayikidwa kuti iyambe kuyitanitsa ikazima, imatha kudzutsidwa ndi chizindikiro cha CP kapena A+.
lKuwongolera zolipiritsa
(1) Kuchaja pang'onopang'ono
Kuchaja pang'onopang'ono ndiko kuchaja batri ndi mphamvu yolunjika yosinthidwa kuchokera ku mphamvu yosinthira ndi chochaja chomwe chili mkati mwa mulu wochaja (kapena mphamvu ya 220V). Mafotokozedwe a mulu wochaja nthawi zambiri amakhala 16A, 32A, ndi 64A, ndipo imatha kuchajidwanso kudzera mumagetsi apakhomo. BMS imatha kudzutsidwa ndi chizindikiro cha CC kapena CP, koma iyenera kutsimikiziridwa kuti imatha kugona bwino ikamaliza kuchaja. Njira yochaja ya AC ndi yosavuta ndipo ingapangidwe motsatira miyezo yadziko lonse.
(2) Kuchaja mwachangu
Kuchaja mwachangu ndiko kuchaja batri ndi mphamvu yotuluka mwachindunji kuchokera mu mulu wa DC, zomwe zimatha kufika pa 1C kapena kupitirira apo. Nthawi zambiri, 80% ya batri imatha kuchajidwa mu mphindi 45. Imatha kudzutsidwa ndi chizindikiro champhamvu cha A+ cha mulu wa chaji.
lNtchito yowerengera
(1) SOP (Mkhalidwe wa Mphamvu) imapeza mphamvu ya batri yomwe ilipo poyatsa ndi kutulutsa mphamvu poyang'ana matebulo kudzera mu kutentha ndi SOC. VCU imasankha momwe galimoto yonse imagwiritsidwira ntchito kutengera mphamvu yomwe yatumizidwa.
(2) SOH (Mkhalidwe wa Umoyo) makamaka imafotokoza momwe thanzi la batri lilili panopa, ndi mtengo wake pakati pa 0-100%. Kawirikawiri amaganiza kuti batire silingagwiritsidwe ntchito ikatsika pansi pa 80%.
(3) SOC (State of Charge) ndi gawo la core control algorithm ya BMS, yomwe imafotokoza momwe mphamvu yotsalayo ilili. Imachokera makamaka pa njira yolumikizirana ya ampere-hour ndi EKF (extended Kalman filter), yophatikizidwa ndi njira zowongolera (monga kukonza magetsi otseguka, kukonza magetsi onse, kukonza magetsi kumapeto, kukonza mphamvu pansi pa kutentha kosiyanasiyana ndi SOH, ndi zina zotero).
(4) Algorithm ya SOE (State of Energy) siipangidwa kwambiri ndi opanga m'nyumba kapena imagwiritsa ntchito ma algorithm osavuta kuti ipeze chiŵerengero cha mphamvu yotsala pansi pa momwe ilili panopa ndi mphamvu yayikulu yomwe ilipo. Ntchitoyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka poyesa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zotsalazo.
lKuzindikira vuto
Magawo osiyanasiyana a cholakwika amasiyanitsidwa malinga ndi magwiridwe antchito osiyanasiyana a batri, ndipo njira zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito zimatengedwa ndi BMS ndi VCU pansi pa magawo osiyanasiyana a cholakwika, monga machenjezo, kuchepetsa mphamvu, kapena kuletsa mwachindunji magetsi okwera. Zolakwika zimaphatikizapo kupeza deta ndi zolakwika zanzeru, zolakwika zamagetsi (masensa ndi ma actuator), zolakwika zolumikizirana, ndi zolakwika za momwe batri lilili, ndi zina zotero.
1.Ntchito zazikulu za pulogalamu ya BMS
lNtchito yoyezera
(1) Kuyeza mfundo zoyambira: kuyang'anira mphamvu ya batri, chizindikiro cha mphamvu, ndi kutentha kwa paketi ya batri. Ntchito yofunikira kwambiri ya dongosolo loyendetsera batri ndikuyesa mphamvu ya batri, mphamvu ya batri, ndi kutentha kwa maselo a batri, zomwe ndi maziko a mawerengedwe onse apamwamba ndi malingaliro owongolera a dongosolo loyendetsera batri.
(2) Kuzindikira kukana kwa kutentha: Dongosolo lonse la batri ndi makina amphamvu kwambiri ayenera kuyesedwa kuti awone ngati ali ndi kutentha koyenera ndi makina oyang'anira batri.
(3) Kuzindikira kutsekeka kwa magetsi amphamvu kwambiri (HVIL): kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira kukhulupirika kwa dongosolo lonse la magetsi amphamvu kwambiri. Pamene kukhulupirika kwa dera la magetsi amphamvu kwambiri kwawonongeka, njira zotetezera zimayatsidwa.
lNtchito yowerengera
(1) Kuyerekeza kwa SOC ndi SOH: gawo lofunika kwambiri komanso lovuta kwambiri
(2) Kulinganiza: sinthani kusalingana kwa mphamvu ya SOC x pakati pa ma monomers kudzera mu circuit yolinganiza.
(3) Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya batri: mphamvu yolowera ndi yotulutsa ya batri imakhala yochepa pa kutentha kosiyanasiyana kwa SOC.
lNtchito zina
(1) Kuwongolera ma relay: kuphatikiza main +, main-, charging relay +, charging relay -, pre-charging relay
(2) Kulamulira kutentha
(3) Ntchito yolumikizirana
(4) Kuzindikira vuto ndi alamu
(5) Ntchito yopirira zolakwika
2.Kapangidwe ka mapulogalamu a BMS
lKuyang'anira magetsi okwera komanso otsika
Nthawi zambiri ikayatsidwa, BMS imadzutsidwa ndi VCU kudzera pa mzere wolimba kapena chizindikiro cha CAN cha 12V. BMS ikamaliza kudzifufuza yokha ndikulowa mu standby, VCU imatumiza lamulo lamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo BMS imalamulira kutseka kwa relay kuti amalize kulumikizana kwamphamvu kwambiri. Ikazima, VCU imatumiza lamulo lamphamvu kwambiri kenako imachotsa kudzuka kwa 12V. Mfuti ikayikidwa kuti iyambe kuyitanitsa ikazima, imatha kudzutsidwa ndi chizindikiro cha CP kapena A+.
lKuwongolera zolipiritsa
(1) Kuchaja pang'onopang'ono
Kuchaja pang'onopang'ono ndiko kuchaja batri ndi mphamvu yolunjika yosinthidwa kuchokera ku mphamvu yosinthira ndi chochaja chomwe chili mkati mwa mulu wochaja (kapena mphamvu ya 220V). Mafotokozedwe a mulu wochaja nthawi zambiri amakhala 16A, 32A, ndi 64A, ndipo imatha kuchajidwanso kudzera mumagetsi apakhomo. BMS imatha kudzutsidwa ndi chizindikiro cha CC kapena CP, koma iyenera kutsimikiziridwa kuti imatha kugona bwino ikamaliza kuchaja. Njira yochaja ya AC ndi yosavuta ndipo ingapangidwe motsatira miyezo yadziko lonse.
(2) Kuchaja mwachangu
Kuchaja mwachangu ndiko kuchaja batri ndi mphamvu yotuluka mwachindunji kuchokera mu mulu wa DC, zomwe zimatha kufika pa 1C kapena kupitirira apo. Nthawi zambiri, 80% ya batri imatha kuchajidwa mu mphindi 45. Imatha kudzutsidwa ndi chizindikiro champhamvu cha A+ cha mulu wa chaji.
lNtchito yowerengera
(1) SOP (Mkhalidwe wa Mphamvu) imapeza mphamvu ya batri yomwe ilipo poyatsa ndi kutulutsa mphamvu poyang'ana matebulo kudzera mu kutentha ndi SOC. VCU imasankha momwe galimoto yonse imagwiritsidwira ntchito kutengera mphamvu yomwe yatumizidwa.
(2) SOH (Mkhalidwe wa Umoyo) makamaka imafotokoza momwe thanzi la batri lilili panopa, ndi mtengo wake pakati pa 0-100%. Kawirikawiri amaganiza kuti batire silingagwiritsidwe ntchito ikatsika pansi pa 80%.
(3) SOC (State of Charge) ndi gawo la core control algorithm ya BMS, yomwe imafotokoza momwe mphamvu yotsalayo ilili. Imachokera makamaka pa njira yolumikizirana ya ampere-hour ndi EKF (extended Kalman filter), yophatikizidwa ndi njira zowongolera (monga kukonza magetsi otseguka, kukonza magetsi onse, kukonza magetsi kumapeto, kukonza mphamvu pansi pa kutentha kosiyanasiyana ndi SOH, ndi zina zotero).
(4) Algorithm ya SOE (State of Energy) siipangidwa kwambiri ndi opanga m'nyumba kapena imagwiritsa ntchito ma algorithm osavuta kuti ipeze chiŵerengero cha mphamvu yotsala pansi pa momwe ilili panopa ndi mphamvu yayikulu yomwe ilipo. Ntchitoyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka poyesa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zotsalazo.
lKuzindikira vuto
Magawo osiyanasiyana a cholakwika amasiyanitsidwa malinga ndi magwiridwe antchito osiyanasiyana a batri, ndipo njira zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito zimatengedwa ndi BMS ndi VCU pansi pa magawo osiyanasiyana a cholakwika, monga machenjezo, kuchepetsa mphamvu, kapena kuletsa mwachindunji magetsi okwera. Zolakwika zimaphatikizapo kupeza deta ndi zolakwika zanzeru, zolakwika zamagetsi (masensa ndi ma actuator), zolakwika zolumikizirana, ndi zolakwika za momwe batri lilili, ndi zina zotero.
Lumikizanani nafe:
yanjing@1vtruck.com +(86)13921093681
duanqianyun@1vtruck.com +(86)13060058315
liyan@1vtruck.com +(86)18200390258
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-12-2023
