4. Ntchito zazikulu za mapulogalamu a BMS
l Ntchito yoyezera
(1) Muyezo wa zidziwitso zoyambira: kuyang'anira mphamvu ya batri, chizindikiro chapano, ndi kutentha kwa batire. Ntchito yofunikira kwambiri ya kasamalidwe ka batri ndikuyesa voteji, panopa, ndi kutentha kwa maselo a batri, omwe ndi maziko a mawerengedwe onse apamwamba ndi ndondomeko yoyendetsera kayendetsedwe ka batri.
(2) Kuzindikira kukana kwa insulation: Dongosolo lonse la batri ndi makina othamanga kwambiri amayenera kuyesedwa kuti atsekeredwe ndi kasamalidwe ka batire.
(3) High-voltage interlock discovery (HVIL): amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira kukhulupirika kwa dongosolo lonse lapamwamba lamagetsi. Pamene umphumphu wa dera la high-voltage system wawonongeka, njira zotetezera zimatsegulidwa.
lKuyerekeza ntchito
(1) Kuyerekeza kwa SOC ndi SOH: gawo lofunikira komanso lovuta kwambiri
(2) Kulinganiza: sinthani kusamvana kwa SOC x pakati pa ma monomers kudzera pagawo losanja.
(3) Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya batri: mphamvu yolowera ndi kutulutsa batire imakhala yochepa pa kutentha kosiyanasiyana kwa SOC.
lNtchito zina
(1) Kuwongolera: kuphatikiza main +, main-, charger relay +, charger relay -, pre-charging relay
(2) Kuwotcha kutentha
(3) Ntchito yolankhulana
(4) Kuzindikira zolakwika ndi alamu
(5) Opaleshoni yolekerera zolakwika
5.Ntchito zazikulu za mapulogalamu a BMS
lNtchito yoyezera
(1) Muyezo wa zidziwitso zoyambira: kuyang'anira mphamvu ya batri, chizindikiro chapano, ndi kutentha kwa batire. Ntchito yofunikira kwambiri ya kasamalidwe ka batri ndikuyesa voteji, panopa, ndi kutentha kwa maselo a batri, omwe ndi maziko a mawerengedwe onse apamwamba ndi ndondomeko yoyendetsera kayendetsedwe ka batri.
(2) Kuzindikira kukana kwa insulation: Dongosolo lonse la batri ndi makina othamanga kwambiri amayenera kuyesedwa kuti atsekeredwe ndi kasamalidwe ka batire.
(3) High-voltage interlock discovery (HVIL): amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira kukhulupirika kwa dongosolo lonse lapamwamba lamagetsi. Pamene umphumphu wa dera la high-voltage system wawonongeka, njira zotetezera zimatsegulidwa.
lKuyerekeza ntchito
(1) Kuyerekeza kwa SOC ndi SOH: gawo lofunikira komanso lovuta kwambiri
(2) Kulinganiza: sinthani kusamvana kwa SOC x pakati pa ma monomers kudzera pagawo losanja.
(3) Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya batri: mphamvu yolowera ndi kutulutsa batire imakhala yochepa pa kutentha kosiyanasiyana kwa SOC.
lNtchito zina
(1) Kuwongolera: kuphatikiza main +, main-, charger relay +, charger relay -, pre-charging relay
(2) Kuwotcha kutentha
(3) Ntchito yolankhulana
(4) Kuzindikira zolakwika ndi alamu
(5) Opaleshoni yolekerera zolakwika
6.BMS mapulogalamu zomangamanga
lKuwongolera kwakukulu ndi kutsika kwamagetsi
Ikayatsidwa nthawi zonse, BMS imadzutsidwa ndi VCU kudzera pa chingwe cholimba kapena chizindikiro cha CAN cha 12V. BMS ikamaliza kudzifufuza ndikulowa mu standby, VCU imatumiza lamulo lamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo BMS imayendetsa kutseka kwa relay kuti amalize kulumikiza kwamagetsi apamwamba. Ikayimitsidwa, VCU imatumiza lamulo lamagetsi otsika kenako ndikuchotsa kudzutsa kwa 12V. Mfuti ikalowetsedwa kuti ilipire mu mphamvu yamagetsi, imatha kudzutsidwa ndi chizindikiro cha CP kapena A +.
lKuwongolera kolipiritsa
(1) Kuthamanga pang’onopang’ono
Kuchapira pang'onopang'ono ndiko kulipiritsa batire ndi mphamvu yachindunji yosinthidwa kuchokera kumagetsi osinthika ndi charger yapa board ya mulu wothamangitsa (kapena magetsi a 220V). Mafotokozedwe a mulu wochapira nthawi zambiri amakhala 16A, 32A, ndi 64A, ndipo amathanso kulipiritsidwa kudzera pamagetsi apanyumba. BMS imatha kudzutsidwa ndi chizindikiro cha CC kapena CP, koma iyenera kuwonetseredwa kuti imatha kugona bwino ikamalizidwa. Njira yolipirira ya AC ndiyosavuta ndipo imatha kupangidwa motsatira mwatsatanetsatane miyezo yamayiko.
(2) Kuthamangitsa ndalama
Kulipiritsa mwachangu ndikulipiritsa batire ndikutulutsa mwachindunji ndi mulu wothamangitsa wa DC, womwe ungafikire 1C kapena kuthamangitsa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, 80% ya batri imatha kuperekedwa mphindi 45. Itha kudzutsidwa ndi gwero lamphamvu lothandizira A + chizindikiro cha mulu wolipira.
lKuyerekeza ntchito
(1) SOP (State of Power) makamaka imapeza mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe ilipo yomwe ikupezekapo pakuchapira ndi kutulutsa poyang'ana m'mwamba magome kudzera pa kutentha ndi SOC. VCU imasankha momwe galimoto yonse imagwiritsidwira ntchito potengera mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe imatumizidwa.
(2) SOH (State of Health) makamaka imadziwika ndi thanzi la batri, lomwe lili ndi mtengo pakati pa 0-100%. Nthawi zambiri zimaganiziridwa kuti batire silingagwiritsidwe ntchito ikatsika pansi pa 80%.
(3) SOC (State of Charge) ndi ya core control algorithm ya BMS, yomwe imadziwika ndi mphamvu zomwe zatsala. Imatengera njira yophatikizira ya ola la ampere ndi algorithm ya EKF (zosefera za Kalman), zophatikizidwa ndi njira zowongolera (monga kuwongolera voteji yotseguka, kuwongolera kwathunthu, kuwongolera komaliza, kuwongolera mphamvu pansi pa kutentha kosiyanasiyana. ndi SOH, etc.).
(4) SOE (State of Energy) aligorivimu sichimapangidwa kwambiri ndi opanga m'nyumba kapena amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosavuta kuti apeze chiŵerengero cha mphamvu zotsalira pansi pa dziko lomwe lilipo mpaka mphamvu yomwe ilipo. Ntchitoyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka poyerekezera maulendo otsala.
lKuzindikira zolakwika
Magawo osiyanasiyana olakwika amasiyanitsidwa molingana ndi magwiridwe antchito a batire, ndipo njira zosiyanasiyana zosinthira zimatengedwa ndi BMS ndi VCU pansi paziwopsezo zosiyanasiyana, monga machenjezo, kuchepetsa mphamvu, kapena kutulutsa mwachindunji kwamagetsi apamwamba. Zolakwika ndi monga kupeza kwa data ndi kulakwitsa kwanzeru, kuwonongeka kwamagetsi (zosensa ndi ma actuators), zovuta zolumikizirana, ndi zolakwika za batire, ndi zina zambiri.
1.Ntchito zazikulu za mapulogalamu a BMS
lNtchito yoyezera
(1) Muyezo wa zidziwitso zoyambira: kuyang'anira mphamvu ya batri, chizindikiro chapano, ndi kutentha kwa batire. Ntchito yofunikira kwambiri ya kasamalidwe ka batri ndikuyesa voteji, panopa, ndi kutentha kwa maselo a batri, omwe ndi maziko a mawerengedwe onse apamwamba ndi ndondomeko yoyendetsera kayendetsedwe ka batri.
(2) Kuzindikira kukana kwa insulation: Dongosolo lonse la batri ndi makina othamanga kwambiri amayenera kuyesedwa kuti atsekeredwe ndi kasamalidwe ka batire.
(3) High-voltage interlock discovery (HVIL): amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira kukhulupirika kwa dongosolo lonse lapamwamba lamagetsi. Pamene umphumphu wa dera la high-voltage system wawonongeka, njira zotetezera zimatsegulidwa.
lKuyerekeza ntchito
(1) Kuyerekeza kwa SOC ndi SOH: gawo lofunikira komanso lovuta kwambiri
(2) Kulinganiza: sinthani kusamvana kwa SOC x pakati pa ma monomers kudzera pagawo losanja.
(3) Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya batri: mphamvu yolowera ndi kutulutsa batire imakhala yochepa pa kutentha kosiyanasiyana kwa SOC.
lNtchito zina
(1) Kuwongolera: kuphatikiza main +, main-, charger relay +, charger relay -, pre-charging relay
(2) Kuwotcha kutentha
(3) Ntchito yolankhulana
(4) Kuzindikira zolakwika ndi alamu
(5) Opaleshoni yolekerera zolakwika
2.BMS mapulogalamu zomangamanga
lKuwongolera kwakukulu ndi kutsika kwamagetsi
Ikayatsidwa nthawi zonse, BMS imadzutsidwa ndi VCU kudzera pa chingwe cholimba kapena chizindikiro cha CAN cha 12V. BMS ikamaliza kudzifufuza ndikulowa mu standby, VCU imatumiza lamulo lamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo BMS imayendetsa kutseka kwa relay kuti amalize kulumikiza kwamagetsi apamwamba. Ikayimitsidwa, VCU imatumiza lamulo lamagetsi otsika kenako ndikuchotsa kudzutsa kwa 12V. Mfuti ikalowetsedwa kuti ilipire mu mphamvu yamagetsi, imatha kudzutsidwa ndi chizindikiro cha CP kapena A +.
lKuwongolera kolipiritsa
(1) Kuthamanga pang’onopang’ono
Kuchapira pang'onopang'ono ndiko kulipiritsa batire ndi mphamvu yachindunji yosinthidwa kuchokera kumagetsi osinthika ndi charger yapa board ya mulu wothamangitsa (kapena magetsi a 220V). Mafotokozedwe a mulu wochapira nthawi zambiri amakhala 16A, 32A, ndi 64A, ndipo amathanso kulipiritsidwa kudzera pamagetsi apanyumba. BMS imatha kudzutsidwa ndi chizindikiro cha CC kapena CP, koma iyenera kuwonetseredwa kuti imatha kugona bwino ikamalizidwa. Njira yolipirira ya AC ndiyosavuta ndipo imatha kupangidwa motsatira mwatsatanetsatane miyezo yamayiko.
(2) Kuthamangitsa ndalama
Kulipiritsa mwachangu ndikulipiritsa batire ndikutulutsa mwachindunji ndi mulu wothamangitsa wa DC, womwe ungafikire 1C kapena kuthamangitsa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, 80% ya batri imatha kuperekedwa mphindi 45. Itha kudzutsidwa ndi gwero lamphamvu lothandizira A + chizindikiro cha mulu wolipira.
lKuyerekeza ntchito
(1) SOP (State of Power) makamaka imapeza mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe ilipo yomwe ikupezekapo pakuchapira ndi kutulutsa poyang'ana m'mwamba magome kudzera pa kutentha ndi SOC. VCU imasankha momwe galimoto yonse imagwiritsidwira ntchito potengera mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe imatumizidwa.
(2) SOH (State of Health) makamaka imadziwika ndi thanzi la batri, lomwe lili ndi mtengo pakati pa 0-100%. Nthawi zambiri zimaganiziridwa kuti batire silingagwiritsidwe ntchito ikatsika pansi pa 80%.
(3) SOC (State of Charge) ndi ya core control algorithm ya BMS, yomwe imadziwika ndi mphamvu zomwe zatsala. Imatengera njira yophatikizira ya ola la ampere ndi algorithm ya EKF (zosefera za Kalman), zophatikizidwa ndi njira zowongolera (monga kuwongolera voteji yotseguka, kuwongolera kwathunthu, kuwongolera komaliza, kuwongolera mphamvu pansi pa kutentha kosiyanasiyana. ndi SOH, etc.).
(4) SOE (State of Energy) aligorivimu sichimapangidwa kwambiri ndi opanga m'nyumba kapena amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosavuta kuti apeze chiŵerengero cha mphamvu zotsalira pansi pa dziko lomwe lilipo mpaka mphamvu yomwe ilipo. Ntchitoyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka poyerekezera maulendo otsala.
lKuzindikira zolakwika
Magawo osiyanasiyana olakwika amasiyanitsidwa molingana ndi magwiridwe antchito a batire, ndipo njira zosiyanasiyana zosinthira zimatengedwa ndi BMS ndi VCU pansi paziwopsezo zosiyanasiyana, monga machenjezo, kuchepetsa mphamvu, kapena kutulutsa mwachindunji kwamagetsi apamwamba. Zolakwika ndi monga kupeza kwa data ndi kulakwitsa kwanzeru, kuwonongeka kwamagetsi (zosensa ndi ma actuators), zovuta zolumikizirana, ndi zolakwika za batire, ndi zina zambiri.
Lumikizanani nafe:
yanjing@1vtruck.com +(86)13921093681
duanqianyun@1vtruck.com +(86)13060058315
liyan@1vtruck.com +(86)18200390258
Nthawi yotumiza: May-12-2023
