M'zaka zaposachedwa, makampani opanga magalimoto amphamvu akukula mwachangu, ndipo China yakwanitsa kuchita bwino pantchito yopanga magalimoto, ndiukadaulo wake wa batri womwe ukutsogola padziko lonse lapansi. Nthawi zambiri, kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo komanso kuchuluka kwa kupanga kumatha kutsitsa mtengo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kutukuka komanso kutsika kwamitengo yazinthu zomaliza. Masiku ano, nkhaniyi ikuwunika momwe mabatire amagetsi amagetsi amayendera, ndikuwunika ngati ogula angakwanitse kugula magalimoto atsopano otsika mtengo pambuyo pa malonda a mabatire a sodium-ion.
01 Mtengo Wopanga Magalimoto Atsopano Amagetsi
Zigawo zazikuluzikulu zamagalimoto amagetsi amagetsi amagetsi atsopano ndi awa:
Kuchokera pazomwe zili pa graph, zikuwonekeratu kuti batire ndiye chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimakhudza mtengo wagalimoto yonse. Pamene mtengo wa batri ukuwonjezeka, mosakayikira amaperekedwa kuzinthu zomaliza. Ndiye, ndalama za batri yamagetsi zimatsimikiziridwa bwanji?
02 Mtengo Wopanga Mabatire Amphamvu
Mwachiwonekere, zida zopangira ndizomwe zimatsimikizira mtengo wa batri yamagetsi. Deta yotulutsidwa ndi China Automotive Power Battery Industry Innovation Alliance imasonyeza kuti poyerekeza ndi chiyambi cha chaka chatha, mtengo wapakati wa zida za ternary lifiyamu batire cathode wakwera ndi 108,9%, pamene mtengo wapakati wa zipangizo za lithiamu phosphate batire cathode chawonjezeka ndi 182,5%. Mtengo wapakati wa ternary lithiamu batire electrolyte wakwera ndi 146.2%, ndipo wa lithiamu iron phosphate electrolytes wakwera ndi 190.2%. Mabatire ambiri sangachite popanda lithiamu, kotero tiyeni tiwone momwe mitengo ya lithiamu carbonate, lithiamu hydroxide ndi lithiamu iron phosphate:
Kuwonjezeka kwa mitengo ya zinthu za batri ya lithiamu kumayendetsedwa ndi malingaliro omwe makampani a lithiamu adakumana nawo pazaka ziwiri zakutsika kosalekeza, zomwe zidapangitsa kuchepa kwa zinthu chifukwa chakutayika. Komabe, kukula mwachangu kwa magalimoto amagetsi atsopano kwachititsanso kufunikira kwa mabatire a lithiamu. Maiko padziko lonse lapansi akhazikitsa zolinga zoyikira magetsi pamagalimoto, kukulitsa kutsutsana kwazomwe zimafunikira ndikupangitsa kuti mitengo ya batri ya lithiamu ichuluke. Pamenepa, kodi mabatire amphamvu sangakweze bwanji mtengo?
03 Kodi Mabatire a Sodium-Iyoni Amakhala Ndi Mtengo Wabwino Wotani pa Magalimoto Atsopano Amphamvu?
Popeza kuti chuma chamchere cha lithiamu ndi chochepa kwambiri padziko lapansi, monga 2020, nkhokwe zapadziko lonse za lithiamu ore (lithium carbonate) zinali matani 128 miliyoni, ndi chuma cha matani 349 miliyoni, omwe amagawidwa m'mayiko monga Chile, Australia, Argentina, ndi Bolivia. China ili pamalo achinayi potengera nkhokwe za lithiamu zomwe zatsimikiziridwa, zomwe zimawerengera 7.1%, ndipo zachitatu pakupanga miyala ya lithiamu, zomwe zimawerengera 17.1%. Komabe, mchere wa lifiyamu waku China ndi wopanda pake komanso wovuta kupanga ndikuwukonza. Chifukwa chake, China imadalira kwambiri kuitanitsa ma lithiamu aku Australia komanso mchere wa lithiamu waku South America. China panopa ndi yaikulu ogula lifiyamu padziko lonse, mlandu pafupifupi 39% ya mowa mu 2019. Pakapita nthawi, lithiamu chuma ndi zochepa chifukwa kunja, ndipo m'kupita kwa nthawi, chitukuko cha mabatire lifiyamu-ion mosalephera adzaletsedwa ndi lithiamu chuma. Choncho, mabatire a sodium-ion, omwe ali ndi nkhokwe zambiri, mtengo ndi ubwino wa chitetezo, akhoza kukhala njira yofunikira ya chitukuko cha batri m'tsogolomu.
Ndipotu, kumayambiriro kwa July 2021, CATL (Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Ltd.) anali atatulutsa kale batri ya sodium-ion ndipo adalengeza kukhazikitsidwa kwa mapangidwe ake a mafakitale, ndi ndondomeko ya mafakitale yomwe idzapangidwe ndi 2023. Nkhani ina yabwino ndi yakuti pa July 28th chaka chatha, dziko loyamba la 1 GWh padziko lapansi linali lomaliza kupanga mzere wa sodium Anhui m'chigawo cha Fuyang. Magalimoto atsopano amphamvu a sodium-ion sali kutali kwambiri.
Kutsatsa kwa magalimoto amagetsi atsopano opangidwa ndi batri ya sodium-ion omwe ali ndi mtengo wabwinoko kudzathandiziranso kwambiri kukweza magalimoto amagetsi amagetsi m'mizinda ku China. YIWEI Automotive nthawi zonse yakhala ikudzipereka pakupanga ndi kukonza ma chassis amagetsi atsopano odzipatulira, kuphatikiza machitidwe amphamvu, kupanga machitidwe anzeru owongolera mphamvu zamagalimoto okwera pamagalimoto, komanso kukulitsa maukonde agalimoto ndi matekinoloje akuluakulu a data. Takhala patsogolo pamakampani odzipatulira odzipatulira amagetsi atsopano ndipo takhala tikutsatira mosamalitsa kutsogolo kwa ukadaulo wa batri yamagetsi, kubweretsa makasitomala mugawo la magalimoto odzipatulira okwera mtengo, othandiza, komanso osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto atsopano amagetsi.
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Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-22-2023
